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PRIMADONNA (ital. Primadonna, lit. - first lady) - singer performing the first (main) parts in opera or operetta (in Italy, the term primo huomo, lit. - first man has the same meaning for singers). The term "P." appeared in con. 17th century, during the era of the Venetian and especially Neapolitan opera schools, when the opera series turned into a “concert in costumes”, into a “competition” of artists. Virtuoso performers dictated the terms to composers, demanding decomp. solo episodes - spectacular arias abounding in decomp. decorations, intricate passages, brilliant cadences. All R. 18 century leading artists began to criticize the narrow-mindedness and ignorance of many. P., cared only about showing tech. voice and art. truth, naturalness scenic. the behavior of the characters they embody. However, many P.were outstanding representatives of the Belcanto style, including F. Cuzzoni, V. Tezi-Tramontini, L. Agyari, A. de Amicis, in the 19th century. - J. Pasta, A. Patti, etc.