Savannah Berry - Safe & Sound (The Voice Performance)

JONGLER (French jongleur, Old French joglere, from Latin joculator - joker, funny man, wit) - MS. wandering artists in the countries of Romanesque culture (also called histrions). In the countries of it. language called spiers, in a number of countries - vagantas, in dr. USA corresponded to them buffoons. G.'s activities included acting, acrobatics, juggling (in the modern sense), animal training, composing poetry, etc. An important place was occupied by singing, dancing and playing various muses. instruments, primarily on viola and mouth. In the conditions of early feud. Zh. cultures were the main carriers of nar. musestraditions. The people of Zh. Enjoyed enormous popularity, being indispensable participants in the Nar. gathering - fairs, holidays, etc. The art of J. was based on prof. traditions, usually inherited. Numerous preserved. “Commandments” listing Zh's duties. The secular, sometimes satirically sharpened art of J. emphasized the hatred of the church, which subjected them to stubborn persecution. In the 12-13 centuries. stratification in the environment of Zh. intensifies, some of them began to serve among the feudal lords. In connection with the growth of cities, a significant part of J. passed to a settled life as urban musicians.